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Cradock FourExplanation ... on 5 November 1967, either of heart failure or of injuries from a fall. b Mr Rocky James [EC0144/96/NWC] was shot dead while in custody in Cradock on 9 November 1977, allegedly while “trying to escape”. A statement from a municipal policeman, Michael Adams, said James was severely ... ... by the time their bodies were burned. Burning was also used by the police to cover up killings. Well known cases are those of the PEBCO Three and Cradock Four (See Volume Three). 276 The Commission heard that, in some townships, ‘comrades’ attempted to prevent the burial of victims before ... rural town of Hofmeyr during this period, but instead brought more violence. Hofmeyr and its Eloxulweni township are about sixty kilometres north of Cradock. The Catholic Institute for International Relations [CIIR]27 reported that a successful consumer boycott was implemented in Hofmeyr in 1985, ... ... the bodies of Mthimkulu and Madaka had been burnt and their remains thrown into the Fish River near the disused Post Charmers police station near Cradock. The Commission took the families to the site of the killings and disposal of the bodies. At the amnesty hearings later, the security police ... 143 About half of this period was spent under a state of emergency: a limited state of emergency affecting western parts of the Eastern Cape around Cradock lasted from July 1985 to March 1986, followed by the declaration of a national state of emergency three months later and lasting until 1990. ... ... in September 1986 when Mr Johannes Witbooi [EC1526/97NWC] was killed by unknown people while on his way to work at the time of a strike at the Cradock Wrought Iron Factory. According to the testimony of his wife, Ms Selina Witbooi, Johannes Witbooi’s hands and feet were tied with barbed ... informer are killed when their car is blown up by fellow police officers to prevent possible revelations of police involvement in the killing of the Cradock Four.
The Pan-Africanist Movement (internal wing of the PAC) is launched.
1990 The Berlin Wall falls in February, the symbolic end ... ... end of 1989.) Eight COSAS activists are killed by grenades booby-trapped by the security forces in Operation Zero-Zero at Tsakane in June. The Cradock Four — UDF activists Matthew Goniwe, Sparrow Mkhonto, Sicelo Mhlawuli and Fort Calata — are abducted and murdered by security forces ... ... 92 Paragraph 202: The finding pertaining to the SADF is withdrawn. Page 98 Paragraph 229: The phrase in the first sentence ‘at the funeral of the Cradock Four’ should be deleted. Page 117 Paragraph 298: The name ‘Ms Johan Martin ‘Sakkie’ van Zyl’ in line 6 should read ‘Mr Johan ... ... to evidence from former state operatives as well as amnesty applications, now appears to be the work of security forces. Examples include the Cradock Four and PEBCO Three. The actions were done either to destroy evidence and or to suggest that the killings were conducted by rival groupings. ... ... Siphiwe Mthimkulu and Topsy Madaka). Eight of the remaining twelve were prominent political figures (Steve Biko, the ‘Pebco Three’ and the ‘Cradock Four’), three were Security Branch operatives and one was an informer (linked to the ‘Motherwell Four’). 243. Applicants were granted ... ... Similarly, when the Eastern Cape Attorney General’s Office investigated the disappearance of the ‘PEBCO7 Three’ and the killing of the ‘Cradock Four’, a number of applications w e re received from the Eastern Cape Security Branch. 18. Likewise, following an investigation by the ... ... acknowledging their contribution to the struggle against apartheid. Archbishop Tutu’s response to testimony by family members of the ‘Cradock Four’ at the East London hearing provides an example of this: I wanted to say this when Miss Mhlawuli was here – but perhaps I should ... ... were secondary to the intention to kill. 59. Thus the cases of Griffiths Mxenge, Topsy Madaka and Siphiwe Mthimkulu, the ‘Pebco Three’, the ‘Cradock Four’ and the Ribeiros should be classified as political assassinations rather than abductions. Here the intention of the perpetrators was ... ... with the Unit. Consequently, the following cases were solved: the disappearance and murder of Madaka and Mthimkulu; the ‘PEBCO Three’; the ‘Cradock Four’; Steve Biko; Kondile and Mkhuseli Jack. Thereafter, the Unit extensively debriefed a significant number of members of the Directorate ... ... of a coloured vigilante group supported by the local SAP and SADF. Black schools were also out on boycott since the assassination of the ‘Cradock Four’ in June. In September, the brother of a suspected informer was ‘necklaced’ in Queenstown’s Mlungisi township. 199 On 17 ... ... hall humming with anticipation. 12 The four days were extremely emotional and dramatic. The witnesses included the families of the well-known ‘Cradock Four’, community leaders assassinated in 1985; individuals and the families of those who were killed or injured in bombings carried out by ... ... allies during the 1990s; g shootings by security forces at marches, funerals and protests; h assassinations such as the 1985 killing of the ‘Cradock Four’; i inter-organisational violence such as that between the UDF and the Azanian People’s Organisation (AZAPO) in the mid-1980s, and ... ... to be made against him. The costly and time-consuming Goniwe inquest also failed to answer the numerous questions concerning the death of the ‘Cradock Four’. Judicial enquiries into politically-sensitive matters rarely satisfy the need for truth and closure. As such, they should not ... early July, eighty to ninety UDF families and fifty-five AZAPO families were estimated to be homeless as a result of the feud. 228 In June, the ‘Cradock Four’ were abducted and killed in a clandestine operation by the security forces. The security forces tried to make it look as though the ... |
