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Imbokodo (Mbokodo)

Explanation
an organisation established in 1985 by KwaNdebele's political elite to realise the KwaNdebele government's drive to incorporate the areas of Moutse and Leandra in order to make the homeland a more viable geographic and political entity. Imbokodo members carried out brutal attacks in which hundreds of ordinary residents were assaulted and killed. These attacks radicalised a previously apolitical population. 'Comrades', in turn, ruthlessly and methodically attacked suspected Imbokodo members and their families. Imbokodo members were therefore both perpetrators and victims of the violence that engulfed and nearly destroyed the homeland from mid-1995 to 1988.

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An ANC supporter who was severely beaten by members of the KwaNdebele Police in May 1989 in KwaNdebele, because he was suspected of killing police officers and Imbokodo vigilantes during conflict over the proposed independence of KwaNdebele.
Was abducted by members of the SAP and Imbokodo vigilantes on 12 June 1986 from Tweefontein, Tvl, during conflict over the State`s attempt to impose self-rule on KwaNdebele.
Was burnt in an arson attack on her home by Imbokodo vigilantes in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, on 12 June 1986 during conflict over incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was severely beaten by named Imbokodo vigilantes in Moutse, KwaNdebele, in December 1985. Mr Molefahle was mobilising support for Chief Mathebe who opposed incorporation into KwaNdebele and had been forced into hiding. The Bantoane people were furious when KwaNdebele officials closed some schools ...
Was severely beaten by Imbokodo vigilantes in January 1986 in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, during conflict over the proposed independence of KwaNdebele.
Was arrested in 1987 in Waterval-Boven, Tvl, after the funeral of a person killed during clashes between Imbokodo vigilantes and people opposed to KwaNdebele independence.
... at the Ndzundza Royal Kraal in KwaNdebele, to hear a report-back from the KwaNdebele cabinet on demands to abandon independence and disband the Imbokodo vigilante movement. Several people were killed or injured when the crowd of 20 000 to 40 000 was forcibly ...
Was abducted and severely beaten by Imbokodo vigilantes in January 1986 in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, for resisting the area`s incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was shot and severely injured by members of the SAP, KwaNdebele Police and Imbokodo on 12 December 1986 in Marapong, Moutse, KwaNdebele, during conflict about incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was shot and burnt to death by Imbokodo vigilantes near Pretoria, during July 1986. Mr Mbuso and four `comrades` fled from KwaNdebele to avoid being arrested. Two weeks later his parents were notified of his death. Prior to his killing, members of the security forces visited his home and ...
Was shot in the abdomen and injured by Imbokodo vigilantes who set up a roadblock in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, during 1986. The area was tense due to attempts by the State to impose independence on KwaNdebele.
Was shot and severely injured by Imbokodo vigilantes in KwaNdebele in 1986 on a bus taking protesters back from a rally against the employment of kitskonstabels. Resistance to incorporation forced vigilantes and KwaNdebele officials to flee the area in July 1986. KwaNdebele police then regrouped ...
Was shot by Imbokodo vigilantes in Moutse, KwaNdebele, in May 1986 and died in hospital a few days later. The area was tense due to government proposals for incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was burnt in an arson attack on her home by Imbokodo vigilantes in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, on 12 June 1986 during conflict over incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was severely beaten and shot in the head by members of the SAP in Vlaklaagte, KwaNdebele, in April 1984 because he refused to join the Imbokodo vigilante group during conflict over incorporation.
Was abducted from his home in Moutse, KwaNdebele, and assaulted by Imbokodo vigilantes on 1 January 1986 during conflict over incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was abducted from his home in Kgobokwane, KwaNdebele, by Imbokodo vigilantes and assaulted on 1 January 1986 during conflict over incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was severely beaten with knobkerries and sjamboks , allegedly by KwaNdebele Police, soldiers and Imbokodo members, in Moutse, KwaNdebele, on 1 January 1986. He was arrested for allegedly abducting residents supporting incorporation into KwaNdebele. The case was dropped and he received an ...
Was abducted from his home in Moteti, KwaNdebele, by Imbokodo vigilantes on 1 January 1986. He was assaulted at Siyabuswa community hall with hundreds of others in attacks led by named KwaNdebele government officials, designed to suppress resistance to incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was abducted from his home in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, by Imbokodo vigilantes on 1 January 1986 and assaulted at Siyabuswa community hall in attacks led by named KwaNdebele officials. The attacks were designed to suppress resistance to incorporation into KwaNdebele.
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