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Imbokodo (Mbokodo)

Explanation
an organisation established in 1985 by KwaNdebele's political elite to realise the KwaNdebele government's drive to incorporate the areas of Moutse and Leandra in order to make the homeland a more viable geographic and political entity. Imbokodo members carried out brutal attacks in which hundreds of ordinary residents were assaulted and killed. These attacks radicalised a previously apolitical population. 'Comrades', in turn, ruthlessly and methodically attacked suspected Imbokodo members and their families. Imbokodo members were therefore both perpetrators and victims of the violence that engulfed and nearly destroyed the homeland from mid-1995 to 1988.

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Was severely assaulted with a sjambok by named and other members of the Imbokodo vigilante group, at her home in Vlaklaagte, KwaNdebele, in 1986. Three other people were injured in the attack, which occurred during conflict between local residents and Imbokodo members over the incorporation of ...
Was burnt to death by `comrades` who were opposed to the Imbokodo in 1986 at Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele. He was attacked after trying to extinguish a fire in the shop of an Imbokodo member.
An Imbokodo vigilante who was necklaced in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, in 1986 by `comrades` who accused him of trying to save the home of a leading supporter of KwaNdebele independence and Moutse incorporation after they had set it alight. Mr Mtshweni died of burn wounds a week after the attack. See ...
An Imbokodo vigilante who lost his house in an arson attack by `comrades` in Moutse, KwaNdebele, on 18 June 1986. The area was tense due to the proposed incorporation into KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
Was beaten with sjamboks , knobkerries and spiked handles on 20 December 1985 in Emagezini, near KwaNdebele, by Imbokodo vigilantes in an attempt to force him to join the group. The Imbokodo were punishing those suspected of supporting an MP in the legislative assembly who was a known opponent of ...
Was severely beaten by Imbokodo vigilantes on 20 December 1985 in KwaNdebele, during conflict over the proposed independence of the homeland. See Imbokodo.
Was abducted from his home by Imbokodo vigilantes in December 1985 and was later found dead in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele. Mr Mathibela was abducted at a time when residents resisted incorporation into KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
Was shot dead by named Imbokodo members in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, on 14 May 1986. Mr Masilela was marching in support of the Ndundza royal family when Imbokodo, a vigilante group opposed to the monarchy, broke up the march violently.
A UDF supporter who was abducted by Imbokodo vigilantes in 1986, and taken to Almansdrift Hall in KwaNdebele where he was beaten with sjamboks, in an attempt to force him to join Imbokodo.
Was beaten and her property was damaged, allegedly by Imbokodo members, in July 1985 in Mathula Stands, Dennilton, KwaNdebele, during conflict between the Imbokodo and the Ndebele people.
Was abducted by Imbokodo vigilantes in 1986, and taken to Almansdrift Hall in KwaNdebele where she was beaten with sjamboks, in an attempt to force her to join Imbokodo.
An ANC supporter who was abducted and severely tortured in Dennilton, Moutse, KwaNdebele, in 1986 by Imbokodo vigilantes and members of the SAP during conflict over incorporation into KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
Was abducted and killed by Imbokodo vigilantes in Dennilton, KwaNdebele, on 1 January 1986. The Imbokodo, led by named KwaNdebele officials, invaded Moutse immediately after it was officially incorporated into KwaNdebele. Between 200 and 360 individuals were abducted and assaulted on the day ...
Was severely beaten by Imbokodo members in KwaNdebele, in 1986 during protests over the proposed independence of KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
Was beaten by Imbokodo members at Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, on 1 January 1986 to try and prevent Ms Mahlase and her family speaking North Sotho during conflict over the proposed independence of KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
Was assaulted and his home was burnt down by ‘comrades’ in KwaNdebele, in 1986, during political conflict in the area. The ‘comrades’ believed he was an Imbokodo member. See Imbokodo.
Was shot and injured when he was caught in cross-fire between ‘comrades’ and Imbokodo members in KwaNdebele, on 5 May 1986 during conflict over the homeland’s independence. See Imbokodo.
Was abducted and taken to a camp near Vaalbank, Mbibana, KwaNdebele, in May 1986 and severely beaten by members of the Imbokodo vigilante group during conflict over incorporation into KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
Was burnt to death in an arson attack on her house in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, by members of the Imbokodo vigilante group on 12 June 1986 during conflict over incorporation into KwaNdebele. See Imbokodo.
She had her house damaged in an arson attack by `comrades` in Tweefontein, KwaNdebele, in June 1986, allegedly because her husband was suspected of being an informer for the Imbokodo vigilante group. See Imbokodo.
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