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Imbokodo (Mbokodo)

Explanation
an organisation established in 1985 by KwaNdebele's political elite to realise the KwaNdebele government's drive to incorporate the areas of Moutse and Leandra in order to make the homeland a more viable geographic and political entity. Imbokodo members carried out brutal attacks in which hundreds of ordinary residents were assaulted and killed. These attacks radicalised a previously apolitical population. 'Comrades', in turn, ruthlessly and methodically attacked suspected Imbokodo members and their families. Imbokodo members were therefore both perpetrators and victims of the violence that engulfed and nearly destroyed the homeland from mid-1995 to 1988.

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Was beaten to death after he and his family had been abducted from their home in Vlaklaagte by Imbokodo vigilantes in April 1986 in Emagezini, KwaNdebele. His wife and daughter were later released and Mr Skhosana’s mutilated body was found the next day.
She lost her house in an arson attack by a named Imbokodo vigilante in Tweefontein, KwaNdebele, on 26 May 1986 during conflict over the incorporation of Moutse into KwaNdebele.
Was shot by Imbokodo vigilantes in Marble Hall, Transvaal, on 31 July 1986 during conflict over the killing of Chief Minister Piet Ntuli.
He lost his shop in an arson attack by named Imbokodo vigilantes in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, on 21 June 1986 during conflict over the incorporation of Moutse into KwaNdebele.
Was abducted from his home in Moutse, KwaNdebele by Imbokodo vigilantes on 1 June 1986, and later found burnt to death. He was targeted because his grandfather had insulted local ministers whom the vigilante group supported.
Was arrested by members of the SAP in 1987 in KwaNdebele, during conflict between Imbokodo vigilantes and people opposed to KwaNdebele independence.
Was severely beaten when his home was attacked by Imbokodo vigilantes in Vlaklaagte, KwaNdebele, in 1986. Three other people were injured in the attack and one died five months later as a result of her injuries.
Was abducted by Imbokodo vigilantes in April 1986 in KwaNdebele, during conflict over the proposed independence of KwaNdebele.
An Imbokodo supporter who was ‘necklaced’ by ‘comrades’ in 1986 near Moteti, KwaNdebele, during violent conflict following government’s attempts to incorporate Moutse into KwaNdebele. See incorporation.
Was abducted from his home in Kgobokwane, KwaNdebele, on 1 January 1986 by Imbokodo vigilantes. At Siyabuswa community hall he and others were put in a room where the floor had been deliberately soaped to make it slippery and were sjambokked and beaten where they fell. Between 200 and 360 ...
Was beaten on the head by Imbokodo vigilantes in her home in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, on 1 January 1986. Residents were attacked by vigilantes because they resisted forced incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was shot dead by members of the SADF in Siyabuswa, KwaNdebele, in 1993 during fighting in the street between ANCaligned ‘comrades’ and members of the SADF and Imbokodo vigilantes.
... shot dead and then his body was burnt on 1 January 1986 in Klopper Village, Moutse, KwaNdebele, by residents who mistook him for a vigilante. The Imbokodo, led by named KwaNdebele government officials, invaded Moutse immediately after the former government officially incorporated it into ...
Was severely beaten by Imbokodo vigilantes in April 1986 in KwaNdebele, during conflict over the proposed independence of KwaNdebele.
Was severely beaten by Imbokodo vigilantes in April 1986 in KwaNdebele, during conflict over the proposed independence of KwaNdebele.
An ANC supporter who was abducted and beaten with sjamboks and knobkerries by Imbokodo vigilantes in May 1986 at the tribal authority in Leeuwfontein, Tvl, during conflict over KwaNdebele independence.
Was severely beaten by imbokodo vigilantes in 1986 because he had an argument with a member of the CID. Mr Ngwenya was taken to the Kwaggafontein police station where he was assaulted again.
Was severely beaten by Imbokodo vigilantes in 1986 at Vlaklaagte, KwaNdebele, during conflict over incorporation into KwaNdebele.
Was severely beaten when her home was attacked by Imbokodo vigilantes in Vlaklaagte, KwaNdebele, in 1986. Three other people were injured. Ms Msiza died five months later as a result of injuries sustained in the attack.
Was shot in the legs at the Dennilton Police station, KwaNdebele, on 27 September 1987. Members of the KwaNdebele Police were assisting Imbokodo vigilantes in targeting residents opposed to incorporation into KwaNdebele.
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