impi

... mobilisation, instant meetings and preparation for armed attacks. 542 During the early 1990s, violence from the hostels was characterised by mass impi (traditional army) attacks. Counter-attacks from the informal settlements followed a similar pattern. Initially, the primary locus of conflict ...

... night, we did not sleep. At about 4.00 am we heard some gunshots from outside and we woke up and looked at White City, and we could see the Inkatha impi at White City, going around burning people’s houses. And at my in-laws’ place, we saw a certain house, Mr Zuma’s house, being burnt down ...