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right-wing attacks

Explanation
Prior to February 1990, violations committed by members of right-wing organisations took the form of isolated attacks with a strong racist character. During the early 1990s, members of right-wing organisations, perceiving themselves to be placed under siege by the process of constitutional negotiations for a democratic dispensation, carried out a large number of attacks aimed at securing the political interests of conservative Afrikaners. Isolated racist attacks on individuals were replaced by mass demonstrations and orchestrated bombing and sabotage campaigns. Between April 1993 and May 1994, right-wing groups engaged in a range of activities to disrupt the negotiations process then underway, and later to destabilise the electoral process. Many of these acts were directed against persons perceived to be supporters and leaders of the ANC, the SACP, the UDF, the PAC and the National Party, and resulted in gross violations of human rights. Violations of a purely racial character were also carried out against black people. During the pre-election period, the AWB and other right-wing organisations engaged in a bombing campaign with the aim of derailing the electoral process. The objective of these activities was to move towards 'overthrowing' the National Party government and to establish a Boererepubliek (Boer republic) and volkstaat. Public areas such as taxi ranks, bus stops and railway stations were targeted, as were private residential and business premises of those associated with the ANC or the unfolding democratic order. State property was also targeted, especially following the announcement that the Group Areas Act was to be repealed and schools opened to all. A number of formerly 'white' schools were bombed. The campaign involved many acts of sabotage, some of which led to the loss of life.

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... lost his leg when the landmines detonated. It was discovered that the same ANC members who had planted the landmines were planning to launch other attacks in the Eastern Transvaal, including attacks on farmhouses, on a white primary ...
... staying in hostels fighting the residents in the township and that it was their primary duty as SDU members to defend the community from such attacks. Significantly, all ANC members that had prior to the height of violence stayed at these hostels had moved out of those hostels because of ...
... There were two ways of thinking, one was that we should pretend that he was abroad, somewhere overseas, so that Lennox Sebe could stop with these attacks or his purported attacks on ...
... the deceased had gone to fetch other ANC supporters to attack him. He believed that the deceased was involved in the various acts of arson and attacks on ADM supporters. As far as he was concerned he was also involved in the murder of Xabendlini. The applicant was questioned at length as ...
... were to be members, just in case they train people who were not members, who would receive the training and would thereafter go and carry out attacks ...
... leader and businessperson who had previously lived in their area but who had left when he joined Inkatha. It was alleged that the deceased had led attacks on their community by Inkatha supporters and that such attackers were often accompanied and assisted by KwaZulu police. It was alleged that ...
b. the attacks on the Zenzele informal settlement during August 1993 is GRANTED.
CHAIRPERSON: So there were then attacks and counterattacks with the main role-players being Msomi on the one side and Kwela on the other?
... lodged with the Botswana police and the Botswana Government about their activities.  This did not render any positive results in minimising the attacks and allegedly left the applicants with no option other than to launch attacks across the ...
"... they arrived on the evening of the 24th and we discovered that or there was a rumour that they had come to launch some revenge attacks for Martin's death on the 25th of December."
... The killing of children were considered justified in cross-border raids, and by the ANC with reference to the Church Street bombings and other attacks, also reflected in the ANC's second statement to the TRC, where the deaths of women and children are documented. Reference should ...
... because the ANC were convinced that the deceased and Sitofu were informers of the IFP. They had been used by the IFP to intensify and increase the attacks on ANC members. The ANC wished to safeguard its members from being killed by the IFP. The killing of the deceased was part of the ...
CHAIRPERSON: Thank you. Mr Sibiya, after this incident, to your knowledge, I know that you were arrested soon after that, but to your knowledge, were there any further attacks of PAC persons by the ANC?
MS NHLAYISI: Did you understand the question? When you were a member of the SDUs and your comrades were launching attacks or were defending your community, were you in agreement with what they were doing?
An armed group of more than 60 men, including the Applicants, proceeded to Towlendeni where the attacks were to be launched. The first Applicant, Gumbi was armed with a 9mm pistol, a shotgun and a spear, while the second Applicant, Zuma, was armed with a spear.
... testified that with passage of time the vigilante group, which initially had a criminal element, changed character and concentrated their attacks on political activists, especially the youth. He himself was a political activist, though obviously not part of the youth. He says there ...
CHAIRPERSON: Near Eshowe. I'm asking you this because we are going to see if we can obtain figures as to attacks in that area over that period.
... companions who were seen to be fervently supporting the ANC and the PAC would be ousted. He states that at the time there were constant reports of attacks by PAC cadres on whites and military bases had been established in the Transkei. If the overthrow had been successful the SAP, and Vlakplaas ...
MR ENGELBRECHT: The circumstances and the time when the arrest was made and the explosions that occurred and the time for example the 16th of June was around the corner, and it is now Youth Day, that was Soweto Day then, and usually they had attacks at that time.
MR KOTZE: And the idea was that should attacks take place on houses where women and children would be, the relevant safe houses had to be defended meaningfully?
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