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right-wing attacks

Explanation
Prior to February 1990, violations committed by members of right-wing organisations took the form of isolated attacks with a strong racist character. During the early 1990s, members of right-wing organisations, perceiving themselves to be placed under siege by the process of constitutional negotiations for a democratic dispensation, carried out a large number of attacks aimed at securing the political interests of conservative Afrikaners. Isolated racist attacks on individuals were replaced by mass demonstrations and orchestrated bombing and sabotage campaigns. Between April 1993 and May 1994, right-wing groups engaged in a range of activities to disrupt the negotiations process then underway, and later to destabilise the electoral process. Many of these acts were directed against persons perceived to be supporters and leaders of the ANC, the SACP, the UDF, the PAC and the National Party, and resulted in gross violations of human rights. Violations of a purely racial character were also carried out against black people. During the pre-election period, the AWB and other right-wing organisations engaged in a bombing campaign with the aim of derailing the electoral process. The objective of these activities was to move towards 'overthrowing' the National Party government and to establish a Boererepubliek (Boer republic) and volkstaat. Public areas such as taxi ranks, bus stops and railway stations were targeted, as were private residential and business premises of those associated with the ANC or the unfolding democratic order. State property was also targeted, especially following the announcement that the Group Areas Act was to be repealed and schools opened to all. A number of formerly 'white' schools were bombed. The campaign involved many acts of sabotage, some of which led to the loss of life.

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CHAIRPERSON: We have to try not to attack each other, launch scathing attacks on each other. Tell us about what happened to you, how and things related to your statement, what was written in your statement so that whatever other allegations are made about other people that they would be able to ...
MR MEMANI: Mr Ngo came from the Free State or we are in the Free State, left the Free State and went to Pretoria and he says that he participated in the attacks of various house at Pretoria. For what reason would Mr Ngo have attacked residences in Pretoria?
The NP regime failed to repudiate or reject any Security Force attacks on prominent ANC leaders in exile creating clearly the impression of tacit approval for those attacks.
VAN RENSBURG: Okay now let's turn to the incidents that took place on the 25th to the 28th of February of that year, and I specifically refer to the attacks that were launched at the house of the deceased's brother, Mr Petrus Mahvunga and I want to ask you, were you part and parcel of those ...
... staying in hostels fighting the residents in the township and that it was their primary duty as SDU members to defend the community from such attacks. Significantly, all ANC members that had prior to the height of violence stayed at these hostels had moved out of those hostels because of ...
The attacks by and counter attacks against these organisations continued unabated to the extent that mediatory meetings aimed at diffusing the conflict were convened by the national leadership of both the ANC and the SACP which were presided over by inter alia the late Harry Gwala and Blade ...
During this period there were numerous armed attacks on bank vehicles, armoured vehicles, in which the criminal element was clearly discernible. These were organised attacks. During this time guards were disarmed, without killing them, and cash removed from the vehicles. During this time we ...
... who were engaged in robberies and various criminal acts such as housebreaking etcetera, and that these persons were available to assist him in attacks and so on, attacks on ANC ...
MS KHAMPEPE: Mr Mpshe, may I interpose. Does it mean that when you were at Ndaleni the alleged members of the PAC, sorry, of the IFP from Gengeshe came and continued to launch attacks against you whilst you were at Ndaleni?
... the firearms taken from hostel dwellers, back to the hostel. The other role that he had, or which he told me and which I believed, is that the attacks, he contributed in carrying out attacks against the community together with the hostel ...
... lost his leg when the landmines detonated. It was discovered that the same ANC members who had planted the landmines were planning to launch other attacks in the Eastern Transvaal, including attacks on farmhouses, on a white primary ...
... one. There've also been stories of hostel residents attacking people who lived in the residential areas. It almost as if there were organised attacks. People actually went out in an organised group and started attacking people who were living in the houses. Do you want to comment on ...
MR RICHARD: Now the fifth and sixth incidents, that's the killing of Mabisi Mazizi and the injury by shooting by Spundla Mpila, were you involved in the execution of either of those attacks?
MR KRIEL: Yes, within the context of that time, we saw the ANC as an enemy because there were bomb attacks on our people in the first place for example the Church Street bombing and we also regarded the ANC as such as a result of our education, we grew up differently, we grew up during a time of ...
... taking the goods, he was stabbing and he was slashing out with the hammer, while you, the two experienced people, the one did nothing as far as the attacks are concerned, and you only put them - help Lollie when Mr Palvie overpowered him. Did Mr Palvie have any weapon on ...
"The explosions served to divert any suspicion from them because they were supposed to be involved with the attacks."
MR BELLINGAN: I don't know, Chairperson, I cannot comment on that. I differed with some of the people there and I would not want to launch personal attacks on those people, but it was not my prerogative to decide who was to be there and who was not to be there.
I asked for a discharge because Rhodesian soldiers used to enter Zambia on foot, to come and finish off survivors. Zambian forces never retaliated to these attacks, for reasons known to themselves only.
There were continuous attacks on police stations and on members and their houses. Structures collapsed and I believed that by doing this, this revolutionary violent onslaught against the State could be stopped.
MR MILLER: And if it is so that he was committing a robbery to get hold of a firearm to protect himself in the ANC squatter camp against the IFP attacks from the hostel, would that make a difference to the way you feel?
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