self-defence units (SDUs)

Crowd killings 178. Although SDUs were usually small units, some of the less structured SDUs seem to have operated in conjunction with larger groups of residents or crowds in ‘collective action’. 179. Amnesty applicant Foreman Mngomezulu [AM0187/96; AC/2000/048] described himself as a member ...

in April or May 1987. 228. Ms Khubeka lived in KwaMashu near Durban, and was suspected of acting as a co-ordinator between the external and internal units of MK. Two C1/Vlakplaas askaris, Xola Frank Mbane and a Mr Dube, made contact with her. 229. Mr Mbane drove Ms Khubeka to Battery Beach from ...

... were received from members of the Western Transvaal Security Branch, six from the SADF Special Forces and five from members of other SAP units for a number of joint operations or incidents in which they had participated. An application was also received from the commanding officer of ...

... for 420 incidents in the period 1960 to 1989.117 33. Applications ranged from individual operatives applying for amnesty for one or more acts, to units of operatives applying for a range of activities, to applications from command personnel based in the neighbouring states and in Military ...

... the violations referred to; e colluding with the SADF to create a paramilitary force to carry out such violations; f creating self-protection units made up of the organisation’s supporters with the specific objective of violently preventing the holding of elections in KwaZulu-Natal in ...

... the things they should be doing. (Pinetown Hearing, 8 March 1999) 38. A similar situation applied with respect to members of the self-protection units, who were trained in the early 1990s. While the political leadership admitted having trained thousands of people for defensive purposes at ...

... by the operational commander of the Caprivi trainees, Mr Daluxolo Luthuli, whose claims were corroborated by ten members of the paramilitary units under his command. The Amnesty Committee relied on these first-hand accounts as well as upon documentary evidence presented to it in order to ...

... Khubeka lived in KwaMashu, a township to the north of Durban, and was suspected of acting in a co-ordinating capacity between external and internal units of MK. She was allegedly responsible for the storage of weaponry, organising safe-houses and collecting intelligence on possible MK targets. 9. ...

... an attack on the Flagstaff police station in the Eastern Cape on 6 March 1994, with the intention of stealing arms for use by IFP self-protection units (SPUs).238 AWB members Harry Simon Jardine [AM6178/97] and Andrew Howell [AM5961/97], AWB/IFP member Morton Christie [AM6610/97] and IFP ...

Outcome of audit 59. The task team established that more than 60 per cent of the exhumations had been adequately performed by the units in KwaZulu-Natal and Johannesburg. 60. However, it also established that there were certain serious corroboration problems in 20 per cent of the cases. In the ...

... from holding elections that did not accommodate the IFP’s desires for self-determination. Evidence from former members of self-protect i o n units placed before the Amnesty Committee reinforced the finding of the Commission that such armed resistance would entail the risk of violence and ...

some cases. 40. The Johannesburg unit also made greater use of the South African Police Services (SAPS), including the SAPS video and canine sniffer units. 41. The KwaZulu-Natal unit relied to a large extent on the pointing out of grave sites by amnesty applicants. Many of the exhumations were ...

... to MZ Khumalo themselves to get weapons. (Hearing at Pinetown, 8 March 1990) 58. Many of the Caprivi trainees were then deployed indifferent units within the SAP or KZP and given appointment certificates. T here was an attempt to offer the Caprivi trainees some sort of cover under the ...

... that more light must be shed on the role and activities of the military and the police, and especially on the role of covert and other specialist units during the violence in both the 1980s and 1990s. Ongoing research suggests that there is considerably more to be uncovered in this respect. The ...

Self - protection units 77. In August 1993, IFP leader, Dr M G Buthelezi called on every Zulu to pay a R5 levy for the establishment of a ‘private army’ to ‘guard against the obliteration of KwaZulu’181 In fact, the project was sponsored by monies drawn from the KwaZulu Government. At a ...

... this area to the notorious ‘AmaSinyora’ gang, which had been implicated in a reign of terror during the mid-to late 1980s. IFP self-protection units 17. Six self-protection unit (SPU) members, who had been trained by the IFP at such informal and formal training facilities as the Mlaba or ...

the Commission. 9. However, by this time, the Commission had already begun to scale down its staff complement in the regional offices. Moreover, all units dealing with investigation and corroboration had been reduced. As a result, the HRVC could not complete its work. Moreover, the Commission ...

... in its submission that the response of the government to the anti-pass campaign (the Sharpeville massacre) led to the ‘formation of rudimentary units comprising mainly task force members. Armed operations were carried out at Bashee, Paarl, Ntlonze and Queenstown between 1960 and 1962’. Poqo ...

largely criminal acts, as well as applications from SDU members involved in criminal activity. Such activity was partly a way of arming SDUs or APLA units, but there is evidence to suggest that, in some areas, criminal elements took over or got involved in SDUs. It is also clear that some ...

... KILLINGS’, WHERE INDIVIDUALS WERE DELIBERATELY ENTICED INTO SITUATIONS; THE COVERT TRAINING, ARMING AND FUNDING OF OFFENSIVE PARAMILITARY UNITS OR HIT SQUADS FOR DEPLOYMENT INTERNALLY AGAINST OPPONENTS OF THE GOVERNMENT. 1 Hendrik Christoffel Nel in section 29 hearing, dated 18 May ...