self-defence units (SDUs)

... TO ADDRESS SERIOUS ENDEMIC CRIME, SUCH AS TAXI VIOLENCE, DRUG TRAFFICKING, CAR THEFT AND LICENSING SYNDICATES AND POLITICAL VIOLENCE. SUCH UNITS SHOULD HAVE SIMILAR POWERS AND INDEPENDENCE TO THOSE OF THE INDEPENDENT COMPLAINTS DIRECTORATE. THE WORK OF SPECIAL INVESTIGATIVE TEAMS, E.G. ...

... (These activist leaders are the core of the problem and their removal is essential.) In 1986, a number of special unrest investigation units were set up to address the ‘unrest’ problems in the Western Cape; the Athlone unit was responsible for infiltrating and halting the ...

... testified at an amnesty hearing as follows: There were long and insecure lines of communication, command and control. Many of the established MK units had been allowed a degree of initiative in executing operations, as long as these remained within policy guidelines. In contrast with the ...

not be possible to have him kidnapped. He eventually fled to Liberia where he subsequently died. 82 The exodus resulted in the breakdown of family units and the severing of links with extended families, with traumatic effects on the lives of many young people. Exiled children often grew up ...

... imposed on the Commission. Regrettably, identification of skilled investigators was not always possible, and as a consequence, regional units had to conduct individual training sessions for investigators and corroborative assistants to meet the standards required. 20 National and ...

... source. State agent Craig Williamson told the hearing that a “special relationship” existed between the SABC and the intelligence community’s units for STRATCOM. The state, he said, was at a disadvantage because it did not own or control any credible print media. It counteracted this by its ...

... involved in orchestrating and fomenting such violence in order to derail the negotiation process. This ‘third force’ was seen to involve covert units of the security forces acting in concert with other individuals or groupings, such as the IFP and various right-wing paramilitary structures. ...

... hearing. 48. A further difficulty that bedevilled the Committee in assessing the APLA applications was the somewhat loose structure of the APLA units that operated inside the country and, in particular, the ‘task force’ or ‘township trainees’ recruited by trained APLA commanders to ...

Park residents. Residents of Phenduka reported that they had been forced to attend meetings, pay protection money and participate in self-protection units (SPUs). Those who did not conform were issued with ‘eviction’ notices by armed youths. Most of the victims were long-term residents of ...

... and township residents. After 1990, ANC-aligned organisations began calling for the abolition of the hostels and their replacement by family units. This fundamentally threatened the security of hostel residents who wanted to maintain their families and homes in the rural areas but could ...

is evident from police statistics that the majority of victims of the ANC’s armed actions were black. 502 From late 1985 to mid-1987, certain MK units were tasked with the laying of antitank landmines in the rural areas of the northern and eastern Transvaal, the aim being to target military ...

... Mr Solomon Mahlangu, a twenty-year-old standard nine pupil who fled South Africa in February 1976 and Mr Monty Motaung formed one of the first MK units from the new generation of Soweto recruits to be infiltrated back into South Africa. They killed Mr Rupert Kessner and Mr Kenneth Wolfendale in ...

the political order. This was used to justify their use of lethal force and the deliberate targeting of particular individuals during protests. Riot units were given specific orders to eliminate ringleaders. An attitude of contempt on the part of the security forces, evident in the submissions of ...

... Nongwe and the SAP were aware of his MK training and background and, over the next few years, the Elese home was continually raided by different units of the SAP. 394 Approximately 108 houses in the Unathi development were destroyed and tens of people were killed in the 1991 conflict.60 Mr ...

confessions for court cases of which examples are provided below. The perpetrators often appear to have been members of special Unrest Investigation Units, particularly the one based at Gugulethu. The Athlone-based unit was involved in widespread torture of youth linked to the Bonteheuwel Military ...

... Violations Committee. Amnesty applicants investigations 56 Amnesty applications were co-ordinated from the national office in Cape Town with the units in the four regions. The co-ordinator liaised with and reported to the Amnesty Committee and channelled investigations to the appropriate ...

... Protocol 1 of 1977 defines combatant as follows: The armed forces of a Party to the conflict consist of all organised armed forces, groups, and units that are under a command responsible to that Party for the conduct of its subordinates... Members of the armed forces of a Party to the ...

... SADF MI’s Directorate of Special Tasks (DST) began during this period, through Operation Marion, and involving the training of paramilitary style units in the Caprivi, Namibia, which were subsequently deployed in KwaZulu. Years later, some of these recruits were taken into the KZP. DST, which ...

... killed him on orders they believed came from the ANC. 3 In 1967, MK cadres were sent into Rhodesia with Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU) units in what became known as the ‘Wankie Campaign’. Nkosi was part of the ‘Luthuli Detachment’ which attempted to forge a route into South ...

Landmine campaign 38 From late 1985 to mid-1987, some MK units were tasked with laying anti-tank mines in the rural areas of the northern and eastern Transvaal, targeting military patrols. A number of civilians – both white farmers, their families, and black farm labourers – were killed when ...