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right-wing attacks

Explanation
Prior to February 1990, violations committed by members of right-wing organisations took the form of isolated attacks with a strong racist character. During the early 1990s, members of right-wing organisations, perceiving themselves to be placed under siege by the process of constitutional negotiations for a democratic dispensation, carried out a large number of attacks aimed at securing the political interests of conservative Afrikaners. Isolated racist attacks on individuals were replaced by mass demonstrations and orchestrated bombing and sabotage campaigns. Between April 1993 and May 1994, right-wing groups engaged in a range of activities to disrupt the negotiations process then underway, and later to destabilise the electoral process. Many of these acts were directed against persons perceived to be supporters and leaders of the ANC, the SACP, the UDF, the PAC and the National Party, and resulted in gross violations of human rights. Violations of a purely racial character were also carried out against black people. During the pre-election period, the AWB and other right-wing organisations engaged in a bombing campaign with the aim of derailing the electoral process. The objective of these activities was to move towards 'overthrowing' the National Party government and to establish a Boererepubliek (Boer republic) and volkstaat. Public areas such as taxi ranks, bus stops and railway stations were targeted, as were private residential and business premises of those associated with the ANC or the unfolding democratic order. State property was also targeted, especially following the announcement that the Group Areas Act was to be repealed and schools opened to all. A number of formerly 'white' schools were bombed. The campaign involved many acts of sabotage, some of which led to the loss of life.

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... political uprising, guerilla and terrorist warfare and which culminated in a full scale, low intensity war and anti-terrorist pre-emptive strikes, attacks and ...
CHAIRPERSON: Yes it is - to the best of my recollection, it's clear that these attacks in paragraph 195 were done by Coetzee and these people.
ADV BOOYENS: It was already declared policy at that stage that there would be attacks on members of the Police or collaborators, people who worked for the government?
to Northern Natal, where it was a clear fact that the ANC had to operate underground. Even after 1990 in Northern Natal, because of the threats and attacks on organisers, individuals who were identified within communities as being either ANC members or organisers or MK, became targets and became ...
attacks on policemen's houses and your general involvement in politics".
MR MBANDAZAYO: And you were also involved in three to four other operations, mostly farm attacks?
... would sit around them. Those are other groups of people that were shot at and I'm not aware whether they got injured or died as a result of those ...
Mr Flores, during this incident, is it correct that there was a high intensity of insurgency and attacks, specifically in the Eastern Transvaal?
... attack and the killing of Mduduzi. Applicant urged the members to fight back and attack with the same precision that the opponent executed their attacks. Applicant's opinion was that as it appeared that their opponents were attempting to finish them off, the best form of defence was to attack ...
MR NKOSI: Those people were harassing us at our place of residence. As we were SDU members we decided to launch attacks against the Khumalo gang. We wanted to removed Khumalo because Khumalo was harassing us.
MR THULO: Thank you, Chairperson. In terms of my knowledge, these ANC or MK were using Lesotho as a springboard for their attacks against South Africa.
... started being friends towards the end of 1988, beginning of 1989. He also experienced problems from ANC youth. He survived too many problems or attacks from the ...
MR RICHARD: Now I would say that it's apparent that as at 1993 you were aware that the Geneva Convention prohibited gratuitous random attacks against civilians?
... unbanned ANC and SACP in Tladi squatter camp in Soweto. He describes a situation where the camp's occupants became the targets of increasing attacks on them by residents of the neighbouring IFP aligned ...
... why it was because the enemy inside the country was still working very strongly and apparently we were often, the community was often subject to attacks. It was then felt that the situation needs to be curbed. This was the resolution taken by the movement, because apparently the National ...
face of attacks by Helen Suzman, Boraine and others simply saying the
MR MILLER: And if it is so that he was committing a robbery to get hold of a firearm to protect himself in the ANC squatter camp against the IFP attacks from the hostel, would that make a difference to the way you feel?
MR MARHINQI: First of all I took part in trying to protect the community from the attacks that were launched by the IFP members.
ADV MPSHE: Will you further agree with me then that it is APLA, that is recognised by PAC to carry out operations like planting of limpet mines, attacks and the rest, that is within their powers, is that correct?
and 3rd applicants had no independent recollection of the specific incident.  Their evidence was that they had been involved in hundreds of such attacks over the years.  The evidence of the 1st applicant was however that it was in accordance with their modus operandi and they accepted it ...
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