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right-wing attacks

Explanation
Prior to February 1990, violations committed by members of right-wing organisations took the form of isolated attacks with a strong racist character. During the early 1990s, members of right-wing organisations, perceiving themselves to be placed under siege by the process of constitutional negotiations for a democratic dispensation, carried out a large number of attacks aimed at securing the political interests of conservative Afrikaners. Isolated racist attacks on individuals were replaced by mass demonstrations and orchestrated bombing and sabotage campaigns. Between April 1993 and May 1994, right-wing groups engaged in a range of activities to disrupt the negotiations process then underway, and later to destabilise the electoral process. Many of these acts were directed against persons perceived to be supporters and leaders of the ANC, the SACP, the UDF, the PAC and the National Party, and resulted in gross violations of human rights. Violations of a purely racial character were also carried out against black people. During the pre-election period, the AWB and other right-wing organisations engaged in a bombing campaign with the aim of derailing the electoral process. The objective of these activities was to move towards 'overthrowing' the National Party government and to establish a Boererepubliek (Boer republic) and volkstaat. Public areas such as taxi ranks, bus stops and railway stations were targeted, as were private residential and business premises of those associated with the ANC or the unfolding democratic order. State property was also targeted, especially following the announcement that the Group Areas Act was to be repealed and schools opened to all. A number of formerly 'white' schools were bombed. The campaign involved many acts of sabotage, some of which led to the loss of life.

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In the four operations briefly described above, the applicants believed that their attacks were directed against policemen who, as part of the security system of the previous government were regarded as the enemy of the people. The attack on the Steak Restaurant in Claremont was aimed at the white ...
... 1991. The residents, who were mostly aligned to the African National Congress (ANC) were required to develop a vigilance on the farm because of attacks on the residents by members of the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP). These attacks were politically motivated. This resulted in regular patrols ...
JUDGE MOTATA: Contrast this with the attacks, counter attacks if I may call it that, of the IFP at Zenzele, I think you said, by the residents who were largely affiliated to the ANC within Daveyton, that when those attacks were done, it was clear that this is a retaliation that the IFP people were ...
MR MALAN: I think the question is really, you talk about the attacks on your home but you're not saying in your statement that Mr Cele was involved in these attacks. So the question is, why do you tell us about the attacks?
"There was no doubt regarding the fact that ANC/MK members were launching attacks on the RSA, which had been planned and orchestrated in Swaziland, particularly landmine attacks in rural areas, as well as limpet mine attacks in restaurants, during which many innocent persons were killed and ...
MR ROSSOUW: Yes, but what I'm asking you is whether it was specifically said to you that he was involved in attacks of terrorism and specifically attacks during which policemen had been killed?
... the Wembezi area. On the day of the incident he and other IFP members intended to travel by bus to Ulundi for an IFP gathering. During those days attacks on IFP members travelling in cars or busses to political meetings were not unusual because a situation akin to a war situation existed at the ...
objectives.  A the relevant time APLA was still engaged in the armed struggle and regarded all whites as supporters of the Apartheid Government.  Attacks of this nature were aimed at impressing on whites the need to abandon their support for the Government of the time and to make it clear ...
... days that you were at this place, you know in this area, not necessarily confined to the address at which the whole thing happened, were there any attacks on police officers in that area that you know of? If you don't know you say, you know: "I don't know of any attacks on police officers" or ...
DR ALLY: So there were attacks. You say the youth were provoked. What was the nature of these attacks? How would the police be attacking?
... 1990 which is a date which follows the occurrences of the present incident and Mr Botha also gave evidence here to you to say that while the bomb attacks had diminished, other type of attacks were taking place particularly that in Natal or between the IFP and the ANC which was just another ...
MR VISSER: Just to summarise it, if I can put it this way, this document contains a reference to attacks that were orchestrated from Botswana and attempts to curb these attacks with the help or assistance of the Botswana government. Were you assisted by Gen Steyn in this?
... forward and talk about these. I said earlier on that we have informed all the people, the alleged perpetrators mentioned but clearly there were attacks on councillors in this area. There were attacks on police officers in this area. We haven’t heard any stories from them. The deadline for ...
MR BAKER: Mr Chairman, at that stage a number of policemen had been the subject of attacks, murders, their homes have been burnt, etc, and especially in the East Rand and that information passed out by this person, could possibly have led to some of these attacks.
The ANCYL members had to acquire firearms in a clandestine manner in order to repel the attacks. The tragedy of the situation as well as the intensity of the strife was sadly reflected in the evidence of the said Johnson Thembe Ncube: he said upon his return home, he had to report to his local ...
... the date given by the applicants in their testimony at the amnesty hearing) violence broke out between members of the two parties characterised by attacks and counter-attacks resulting in the death of a number of people. In the course of this conflict and on 12 April 1992, Spatelie Poswa, a ...
... were associated with a political objective.  At all material times, Applicants were acting in their capacities as members of MK and the attacks fell within the policies and mandate of MK.  All of the attacks accordingly constitute acts associated with a political objective as ...
... objectives. At the relevant time APLA was still engaged in the armed struggle and regarded all whites as supporters of the Apartheid Government. Attacks of this nature were aimed at impressing on whites the need to abandon their support for the Government of the time and to make it clear that ...
... I do not see the Government reconciling the nation when people psychologically are effected. I am afraid at the long run we will have the revenge attacks and if we want to curb that revenge attacks we must, the centres must be placed in the township nearer to the people where they can get ...
... to page 3 of Exhibit E, paragraph 3 thereof, you say that you as a Bomb Disposal Unit member, investigated various incidents including motor bomb attacks. Can you just in short explain to the Committee what was the extent of the experience that you had with bomb attacks, especially in this ...
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