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right-wing attacks

Explanation
Prior to February 1990, violations committed by members of right-wing organisations took the form of isolated attacks with a strong racist character. During the early 1990s, members of right-wing organisations, perceiving themselves to be placed under siege by the process of constitutional negotiations for a democratic dispensation, carried out a large number of attacks aimed at securing the political interests of conservative Afrikaners. Isolated racist attacks on individuals were replaced by mass demonstrations and orchestrated bombing and sabotage campaigns. Between April 1993 and May 1994, right-wing groups engaged in a range of activities to disrupt the negotiations process then underway, and later to destabilise the electoral process. Many of these acts were directed against persons perceived to be supporters and leaders of the ANC, the SACP, the UDF, the PAC and the National Party, and resulted in gross violations of human rights. Violations of a purely racial character were also carried out against black people. During the pre-election period, the AWB and other right-wing organisations engaged in a bombing campaign with the aim of derailing the electoral process. The objective of these activities was to move towards 'overthrowing' the National Party government and to establish a Boererepubliek (Boer republic) and volkstaat. Public areas such as taxi ranks, bus stops and railway stations were targeted, as were private residential and business premises of those associated with the ANC or the unfolding democratic order. State property was also targeted, especially following the announcement that the Group Areas Act was to be repealed and schools opened to all. A number of formerly 'white' schools were bombed. The campaign involved many acts of sabotage, some of which led to the loss of life.

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CHAIRPERSON: What is your comment, Ma'am? You see what Mr Lowies has put to you is that the applicants deny that there were any white men during the attacks, what do you say to that?
... just in that sense, what the idea was. The idea was that while there would be marches etc, by people in the labour field, there would be military attacks elsewhere to as it were, divide the forces of the Security Police, in order to be more effective with the marches, etc, which was actually ...
MR RICHARD: Was the United Mandela Football Team ever involved in any other attacks on Mrs Chili's members or property?
... a later date. This is the reason why it was not incorporated in the initial bundle, it slipped my mind. I think in the first application various attacks are mentioned which took place in the location, but I could not recall specifically which incidents I was involved ...
that this was disciplinary proceedings, that they merely heard the noise going on and ran to the scene armed to see what was going on and to prevent attacks on their own people, that the applicant in turn did not realise why they were coming but saw armed men coming towards them so he felt he had ...
MR ROSSOUW: You also heard that he was supposedly involved in a cell, involved with attacks on black Policemen, etc. Did that become clear to you from the interrogation during the drive to Mamelodi and whilst you were driving around in Mamelodi?
MR MHLAULI: Yes, in both attacks I was armed with an AK47 rifle. We planned the attack and Comrade Ngubane was also present during the first attack. After an incident whereby a comrade's house was burnt down, who was staying in the same street with Khumalo, we just decided to attack him to show ...
It was the same trio that was involved in other previous attacks. They met resistance from the garage owner who was armed with a .38 firearm. In the ensuing clash the man was shot and injured in the leg. His firearm was confiscated by the trio and only an amount of R50-00 was robbed which they ...
      "What does appear clearly also from the documents referred to, is that the ANC leaders foresee that attacks by the ANC might cause the death of civilians and that they accept this as one of the consequences of ANC operations.  They also accept that ANC operators in carrying out tasks ...
... with regard to Mngomezulu's involvement in the infiltration of ANC into the Northern Natal platteland, the caching of arms and planned attacks.  De Kock, as head of Vlakplaas at the time, had knowledge of these activities from security reports emanating from Northern Natal and ...
MR VAN DER BERG: Mr Menyatsoe, you agree with me that when you shot the AWB members that attacks at that stage was already finished, is that correct?
Mr Botha, in your attempts do you believe that you were indeed capable of combating attacks on civilians, buildings, holiday places etc through your actions?
MR COETZEE: The only explanation that I can give Chairperson, is that as a member of the Security Force, I was involved in quite a number of things, I may have confused it with other attacks in Botswana.
... in the name of the organisation itself. The duties of task force was to defend and/or protect the organisation against I can say infiltration or attacks from other organisations or vigilantes who were against the organisation. As I have said its commander has got the ...
(i) Attacks on properties at 1029 Nkosi Street and Tshabalala Street (Mbatha's house), Thokoza, during 1993.
... weapons and ammunition were handed to the ANCYL and were distributed amongst the comrades for use in defending the community of Swanieville against attacks. The vehicle of the deceased was set alight on the outskirts of Swanieville in order to distract any prospective ...
MR AMEEN: So this change in attitude was a personal decision on you part to attack who you thought were enemies of AZAPO, to avenge attacks on AZAPO. In short, to take revenge. You were not acting on orders, but you were acting from what you felt was personally right. Is that correct?
In our view, it was of cardinal importance in the fact that both the PAC and APLA have acknowledged in their submissions to the TRC in 1996 and 1997 respectively, that the St James attacks was one of the authorised operations carried out by APLA.
Mr Nyawose, now that you've divulged all your participation and your role in the attacks during the killing of Mr Cele and the attempted murder of Mr Ngcobo, how do you feel now?
"My objectives were to undermine the former settler regime to use APLA offensive attacks and to secure and maintain the complete unit of the movement. Arms were given to my commander, Morapapa, and he is the one who knew what he did with them. I am yours, sincerely."
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