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right-wing attacks

Explanation
Prior to February 1990, violations committed by members of right-wing organisations took the form of isolated attacks with a strong racist character. During the early 1990s, members of right-wing organisations, perceiving themselves to be placed under siege by the process of constitutional negotiations for a democratic dispensation, carried out a large number of attacks aimed at securing the political interests of conservative Afrikaners. Isolated racist attacks on individuals were replaced by mass demonstrations and orchestrated bombing and sabotage campaigns. Between April 1993 and May 1994, right-wing groups engaged in a range of activities to disrupt the negotiations process then underway, and later to destabilise the electoral process. Many of these acts were directed against persons perceived to be supporters and leaders of the ANC, the SACP, the UDF, the PAC and the National Party, and resulted in gross violations of human rights. Violations of a purely racial character were also carried out against black people. During the pre-election period, the AWB and other right-wing organisations engaged in a bombing campaign with the aim of derailing the electoral process. The objective of these activities was to move towards 'overthrowing' the National Party government and to establish a Boererepubliek (Boer republic) and volkstaat. Public areas such as taxi ranks, bus stops and railway stations were targeted, as were private residential and business premises of those associated with the ANC or the unfolding democratic order. State property was also targeted, especially following the announcement that the Group Areas Act was to be repealed and schools opened to all. A number of formerly 'white' schools were bombed. The campaign involved many acts of sabotage, some of which led to the loss of life.

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"... as already indicated over many years, the liberation movements, regarded armed attacks on members of the Security Forces, being so-called legitimate hard targets, as morally acceptable. This was to result in many Policemen being killed or injured whilst engaged in combating ordinary crime and ...
MR PRINSLOO: And, Mr de Kock, at that stage, were there many attacks which were launched by the ANC from Swaziland?
... explosives in his vehicle, did you gain the impression that he was particularly angry at the situation in South Africa, the emergency, the various attacks by Security Forces on black civilian populations and so forth, or did you not get that ...
"The attack was by members of the UDF and its supporters. These attacks started in the Eastern Cape and in Soweto."
"The opposition of MK in this period can be categorised as follows. Firstly there were bomb attacks on urban targets. The targets selected were meant to be Security Force related but the reality is that more civilians than Security Force personnel were killed in such explosions. The reasons ...
ADV MOTATA: Miss. According to the evidence it was an attack by Inkatha and there were several attacks, and I hope you listened to me when I asked the applicant that I didn't want generalities, but he mentioned this specific attack during 1990 where he saw your uncle armed, in the company of the ...
CHAIRPERSON: So did you decide that you have to fight back against these attacks?
incident was the result of vigilante action. Indeed what was found thereafter resembled a picture normally associated with the results of vigilante attacks at that ...
Accordingly amnesty is GRANTED to all the applicants listed above for any offences or delicts directly associated with or flowing from the arson attacks on Khanya Hose in Pretoria on 12 October 1988.
... received a request from the SDU at Inanda in KwaZulu Natal to send members from Phola Park to Inanda to protect the ANC and the community from attacks by Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) ...
MR BERGER: Before the meeting a week before the attack were there meetings before that at which attacks were discussed?
You testified further that with specific relation to the bomb attacks you received instructions from Ackerman, is that correct?
MR MIRANDA: These people that informed you about Lombo's attacks on ANC members, exactly what did they say to you?
involved in the struggle. They forgot that I sacrificed. They forgot that I sacrificed even with my house. My husband was attacked by severe heart attacks after the bombing of my house, until he died. People who I was involved with, people who were together with me in this jam forgot about me. ...
MR MASEKO: The reason was that we had political differences. For instance when we held meetings, they would come attack us, shoot at us and our meeting would be disrupted. In that way attacks then started taking place between the two organisations.
... in political violence after the unbanning of the organisations as the parties now started arguing with each other about who will now take over, attacks on the police had drastically increased. We know that the Panel of this Committee has already investigated the murder of the house that had ...
MR SITHOLE: The situation was very serious in the area, people were killed and there was ongoing conflict between ANC and IFP supporters. They would launch counter-attacks against one another. As such quite often people could not even sleep at night.
MR DE BEER: Or could it have been that it was against any attacks from any MK units crossing the border?
MR BELLINGAN: According to my reports, I have mentioned in which hand grenades attacks, stone throwing, etcetera, they were involved.
... it was and if they killed any of my members. And right through the world with Special Forces, the operators do, their lives come first and whoever attacks them comes ...
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