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people's war

Explanation
a popular national rebellion of both trained soldiers and ordinary civilians during the mid- to late 80s. The strategy, promoted by the ANC, involved integrating armed MK combatants with mass organisations inside South African townships, and rendering the townships ungovernable through attacks on the security forces and other representatives of the state.

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The day after the Sebokeng night vigil massacre the house of Emma Kheswa and her son, Khetisi Kheswa, was burned down. It was retaliation. Many believed that Khetisi was responsible, not only for the death of Christopher Nangalembe, but for the killing of 38 people at the vigil one week later.
... a chairperson I had to investigate what was happening. Then, I handed over to Mister Denis Echuba who was the secretary at that time. As I walked towards that door there, as I opened the door a teargas canister hit that door and so I had to push back. It was that time that I noticed that on this ...
Sophiatown happened almost by accident. The owner of the farm Waterval, one H Tobianski planned a private lease hold township for low income white people. He named the area after his wife, Sophia, but he failed to attract white buyers to the area. It became a place where black people could buy land ...
For a person to be guilty of a crime there must be intent and we cannot therefore say citizens who had no intention to set up Vlakplaas and kill people that they should carry the burden of this. We cannot hold responsible ordinary shunters, farmers and so on who supported apartheid because they ...
The TRC is the only forum with some credibility and acceptability available to us in which we can publicly apologise to all those who had been hurt by the travesties of the past. It is the most effective way available to us which we can use to offer help and healing to those who had committed ...
I became known, especially in the Western Cape, as the person to contact if cadres got injured or people were in danger in some kind of way. As you know many people couldn’t go to hospitals because they were at risk of being arrested. So, my little house became a little hospital or clinic and ...
Is it correct that the people that beat Stompie were Mrs. Mandela, Katiza, Slash and yourself? // Yes, but there are others. Everybody who was there participated as well as the other members of the Mandela United Football Club.
The intention was not to kill him brutally, it was to make the whole thing appear … it was to simulate robbery, but unfortunately on the scene of crime certain things develop that you don’t expect. Mxenge’s physical strength was undermined, but when he was stabbed, he stood up and he fought. ...
They were fellow Afrikaners, part of my people. I knew many of them. And I have asked myself, was it possible, how is it possible that they could have done what they did and that some of them seemingly could have enjoyed what they did. Were they so deeply impregnated by this ideological concept of ...
I believe a person who killed so cold-bloodedly, I believe something must be done about him because it’s innocent people, innocent people in the street. He didn’t care who they were.
Commissioner Johan van der Merwe also told the Truth Commission that the 1988 order to bomb Khotso House in Johannesburg originated in the state president’s office. // In 1988 the headquarters of the South African Council of Churches in Johannesburg was bombed. 18 people were injured and the ...
It is quite clear that certain people who took part in the invasion here were working for the South African Government.
He was an organizer in the Pebco. He helped the people. I remember one time there is the people who have no place to stay in those shacks far away, like Dan Qeqe. So they take those people to here in Rio hall here and then he’d always cook soup for those people, every day they are going to fetch ...
For the past three days we’ve been listening to sometimes conflicting but nevertheless extremely damning evidence about kidnapping and vicious assault on four young people. We should also not forget that Madikizela-Mandela was convicted of kidnapping by a court of law and there’s very little ...
When I first started photographing this process I didn’t know what was going on. It was a totally new and novel experience. I think the biggest shock for me was when I had to photograph Capt Benzien showing how he tortured people.
Now so many things have been taken away from the oppressed people. Number one, land, it was just taken away and they became landless, their stock was taken away and all their possessions were taken away, even their self respect was taken away. So those people therefore that took that away, they ...
And this is exactly what many black people did. The passport out of the hardship of being black was trying to be coloured. Many took on a coloured identity or an Afrikaans sounding surname, usually both. // Yes, they called it turning your jacket inside out. You put the inside outside and the ...
It’s a strange dynamic and as I speak internationally about this, it’s always a surprise if you state that simple fact that remorse is not required and someone can feel no remorse and get amnesty. However I agree with those persons here who have explained and I think it is right that you ...
... were already there in 1963 and it is interesting that some of the generals who appeared here and have appeared in the Truth Commission records were Warrant Officers, Sergeants, Lieutenants. Lieutenant Victor and Van der Merwe, they were Lieutenants in 1963, ‘64 torturing me. They rose to become ...
Chris Hani, son of a Transkei migrant worker, Fort Hare University graduate at 19, a man who spoke with passion about both Shakespeare and socialism, a man whose coming of age at 21 involved skipping the country to join the exiled ANC. One of the very first to respond to the ANC’s call to arms in ...
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