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right-wing attacks

Explanation
Prior to February 1990, violations committed by members of right-wing organisations took the form of isolated attacks with a strong racist character. During the early 1990s, members of right-wing organisations, perceiving themselves to be placed under siege by the process of constitutional negotiations for a democratic dispensation, carried out a large number of attacks aimed at securing the political interests of conservative Afrikaners. Isolated racist attacks on individuals were replaced by mass demonstrations and orchestrated bombing and sabotage campaigns. Between April 1993 and May 1994, right-wing groups engaged in a range of activities to disrupt the negotiations process then underway, and later to destabilise the electoral process. Many of these acts were directed against persons perceived to be supporters and leaders of the ANC, the SACP, the UDF, the PAC and the National Party, and resulted in gross violations of human rights. Violations of a purely racial character were also carried out against black people. During the pre-election period, the AWB and other right-wing organisations engaged in a bombing campaign with the aim of derailing the electoral process. The objective of these activities was to move towards 'overthrowing' the National Party government and to establish a Boererepubliek (Boer republic) and volkstaat. Public areas such as taxi ranks, bus stops and railway stations were targeted, as were private residential and business premises of those associated with the ANC or the unfolding democratic order. State property was also targeted, especially following the announcement that the Group Areas Act was to be repealed and schools opened to all. A number of formerly 'white' schools were bombed. The campaign involved many acts of sabotage, some of which led to the loss of life.

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JUDGE KHAMPEPE: I'm a little confused, Mr de Kock, maybe you can assist me. On your arrival in Lesotho, in preparation to execute this operation, did you know that the Meyer group was about to infiltrate the country with a view of launching attacks inside the country?
... which Capt Prinsloo has set out in his application, that he knew about the informers with the Security Branch, that he was involved in planning attacks on the residences of policemen or at least that it was his objective to do so, that he was a trained MK terrorist, that he was interrogated ...
MR LUBBE: Maybe you should ...(indistinct) into the detail just indicate to the Committee what led the Black Cats to proceed from Ermelo to Davel. What was the reason behind this, why did you move from point A to point B to pursue your attacks in that area?
MR PADI: Thank you Mr Hlophe. Mr Hlophe, you are applying for amnesty for the incident that took place on the 23rd of April 1994 and the incident that took place on the 24th of April 1994, that is the hostel attacks of Mshyazafe and Buyafuti, is that correct?
The Applicants applied for amnesty for attacks by explosives on the Mzimhlope Hostel and the Dube hostel, alternatively the Jabulani hostel in Soweto.
CHAIRPERSON: Yes, but most of the attacks the objective was to kill people, but that also necessitated some sort of planning. What Ms van der Westhuizen wants to know is, did you people when you set off, when you got those firearms, did you have any plan in mind how you would go about killing ...
... what this week was all about in the amnesty application where certain applicants applied to appear in front of the Commission to hear evidence of attacks that took place in the early years '88 and this is why the Commission sits this week and can I ask you, are you aware of the facts that were ...
... It is the applicants' response to the charge that at the time it was their duty to protect their leaders from both actual and possible future attacks. In their view, at the time these included acts of retaliation and pre-emptive attacks. They accept that it was not the policy of the ANC ...
Kulman testified that he was involved in two (2) farm attacks in the Zastron farming area. In the 1st attack it was himself, Roger and Induna. Kleintjie had already done the reconnaissance and informed them that there were no people who occupied the house. White farmers in the area were believed ...
Amnesty is further GRANTED to Francis Pitsi and George Mathe for unlawful possession of unlicensed firearms, namely an AK47 and a Makarov Pistol, respectively during the period relevant to the aforementioned attacks.
... the matter, we are satisfied that Applicant's participation in the support furnished to MK units by the Special Operations Command contributed to attacks eventually carried out by these operatives. As such, Applicant would in our view have incurred legal liability for any of these attacks. We ...
which took place in Natal over a period of time in terms of the intensity of the violence, in other words bomb explosions, this diminished but armed attacks, hand grenade attacks, such things increased and reached a high point in terms of statistics during 1992 and 1993 and against whom were these ...
longer in the police. But the point remains that I was trying to make a distinction in this Committee between covert and clandestine activities and attacks and overt, open military attacks and why, why did the State make sometimes make open military attacks and sometimes order covert and ...
MR BERGER: Thank you Chairperson. Chairperson, this amnesty hearing concerns attacks which were carried out by the Transvaal Urban Machinery of Umkhonto weSizwe. The first applicant, General Nyanda, is presently the Chief of the South African National Defence Force. He will be giving evidence in ...
... circumstances. He testified that there was enormous pressure on the security police at that stage to curb and prevent land mine and limpet mine attacks. Politicians and members of the public blamed the police for not protecting civilians and for their failure to prevent these attacks. He ...
... incident, in my amnesty application I referred to the fact that during 1986, between February and May, I was involved in an extensive number of attacks on the residences of activists. This included approximately 30 petrol bomb attacks and approximately 10 bomb attacks with manufactured bomb ...
This causes serious problems. The Committee is aware of the fact that the IFP constantly denied and still denies, that they ordered or approved any attacks on the ANC. They deny that it was at any stage part of their policy to engage in warfare or attacks on a political enemy. If amnesty should ...
... that the attack on Ngcobo's house which resulted in Mr Cele being killed and Mr Ngcobo sustaining injuries, was as a result of a chain of attacks and counter -attacks by and between the ANC and the IFP for a political control over Shobashobane. ...
... and these were Inkatha members' cars. They dumped the body at the roadside and people alerted others that there was a body by the roadside. These attacks and abductions took place, and they continued up until one day there was going to be a final exam at a certain school, and the students who ...
After breaking his cover, Williamson, who was then dubbed "The Master Spy" was seconded to Security Police Headquarters where he, with the rank of major, served under the direct command of Colonel Goosen, who according to the evidence, initiated and ordered the attacks on the Schoons and Ruth First.
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