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ANC camps

Explanation
The ANC established bases in several African countries. The Department of Intelligence and Security (DIS), together with the military headquarters of MK, had control over residential centres and the Angolan camps, including 'Camp 32' or the Morris Seabelo Rehabilitation Centre (popularly known as 'Quatro'), Panga, Viana and the Nova Catengue camp. Following the SADF bombing of Nova Catengue camp in 1979, there was an atmosphere of paranoia about infiltration by South African agents. A number of ANC members were detained and tortured; some died as a result of assaults and some were executed. Dissatisfaction in MK training camps in Angola led to mutinies at the Viana and Pango camps during 1984. Both mutinies were put down with loss of lives on both sides. Many MK members were detained in connection with the uprisings, and some were tortured. Two groups of mutineers were tried by military tribunals and seven were executed.

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... we need, I think, to look a little bit more carefully at what has been happening in South Africa, the experience in the townships and in the exile camps where silence and ambiguity have also asserted ...
MR BENEKE: We were in directly opposing camps and I had never met Mr Biko. Maybe had I met him at a later stage, I might have immediately have liked him or immediately took a dislike to him.
benefit and steer a decent moral path. That in its day was very difficult. Looking back at it there were some amusing incidents. An attempt for instance of the SASJ's rather white leadership to meet what was then Mwasa's black leadership in an environment where some members would have taken a dim ...
MR SPHAMBO: Infiltrators are the ones who were stealing the property in the cams and those, they were taking innocent comrades to go and sell those properties to the locals around and which was prohibited within - in our camps, you see.
borders to raid ANC or PAC camps, and think of how the newspapers like the Argus, ran these reports and the headline and contrast that to how they covered the Trojan Horse.
MR NTISANA: When the soldiers were taken back to the camps and the Security Forces were deployed and the soldiers, my job would have been to call the kings and the chiefs from Sterkspruit, Maluti, Emboleni, Chingoland. I would call them and they would come together with the paramount chiefs and ...
... are saying they have been tortured by people who had left this country, having been tortured. People are saying they were tortured outside in the ANC camps. So we have been struggling with that, in the sense that, how can we assist in policy formulation to make sure that these things never ...
... some were troubled by the SADF and some were actually, the comrades, some were actually under the UDF. The organisation now which has been the ANC. We also learnt quite a lot of things, about some of the things that were actually done by the group known as Khabasa. Some told us that they ...
... is something that had started in the late seventies. People who were living here and people who followed the Press, they will remember of squatter camps in the Western Cape became a very topical political issue in those years. In fact, people will remember Mr Koornhof who was in the forefront of ...
... until 2 o'clock. Whilst we were sitting in watch when normally the disruptions would start, we saw a police Casspir which was far in the distance and it stood next to some trees in some open veld in ...(indistinct) and some people alighted from that Casspir and when we watched we wanted to ...
MR BERGER: You underwent further training. You eventually were trained in the Soviet Union and after your return from the Soviet Union, you were appointed as an instructor in the camps, is that correct?
MR BENNETTS: On occasion, yes, but not too much, because you had Defence Force guys who had been called up, doing camps, who were also living there, and you wouldn't have wanted to do too much in front of these guys, they would have been witnesses.
MR NGESI: The instruction I got from Umtata was that everything else I was going to hear from Khotle, but from our camps, I knew that I was deployed to fight for my country, but I knew that I was going to get instructions or orders from Khotle. I went to Welkom to fight for my country.
... of AZAPO it was not safe for me as well as other comrades of mine to stay with our families, that is why we were misplaced. That is why we had camps where we could stay, thinking that we are safe in those camps. Unlike staying in our respective homes because you sleep alone at home and it's ...
AK 47 since the day I was born. They then, Mashego de Kock and them, took me, blind folded me and then took me to Mpuduli where there was soldiers' camps and when I arrived there, it was Soroloss, they tied me behind a hippo, the hippo that they used to sprinkle water with, I was naked and as was ...
MR MHLONGO: Well, the Inkatha gangs as well. But they were always attacking squatter camps, often times than not. And they will do it at night.
... are not sorry that we have granted you this opportunity to come before us and what surprises us is that there are no witnesses from the Ama-Afrika camps and we hope the it will be an issue that will be addressed. We don't know if it was a collective decision that was taken, but we have not ...
... Quote, "my school is different from Government schools. We do not have a pool and the school is made of zinc and it is surrounded by squatter camps. The zinc on the roof is not completely done and we have very little space to study. Ellerton school is fully equipped and clean on the ...
MR NTSEBEZA: Yes. Now I don't know whether you are aware the attack on the (...indistinct) camps in this area were between the 17th and the 21st of May 1986.
MR MHLONGO: I knew that from long ago, before we were even told by the Leadership to come back home, I knew that while I was still in the APLA camps, I knew very well what was to happen.
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